Diminishing Propagation Delay within Underwater Sensor Networks Using JSL and ACO algorithm

Abstract
—Long Propagation Delay is the major drawback in underwater sensor networks. In this paper, we use JSL algorithm, which synchronizes time and localization of sensor nodes, and ACO algorithm to find optimal path to forward packets from anchor node to base station using object node. Furthermore, by combining both the algorithms, we can reduce the propagation delays. Some QoS Parameters are analyzed. Simulation results shows low propagation delay and QoS parameters are improved using this method.
Index Terms: —UWSN s, Joint Time Synchronization and localization(JSL), Ant Colony Optimization(ACO), Quality of Service(QoS).
I.Introduction
Wireless Sensor Networks consisting of nodes with limited power are deployed to gather useful information from the field. In WSNs, it is very difficult to collect the information in an efficient manner. Underwater localization is a key element in most underwater communication applications. GPS signals in water will highly attenuate, accurate ranging based techniques for localization need to be developed. In this paper, Joint time-synchronization and localization algorithm is used in the underwater acoustic channel for finding the time and locations of sensor nodes. We consider a realistic instance, where nodes are not time-synchronized and the sound speed in water is unknown, and describe the localization problem as a sequence of two linear estimation problems. Simulation results shows that our algorithm compensates for time synchronization and signal propagation speed uncertainties, and gets good localization accuracy using anchor nodes. We consider the problem of UWAL in a practical setting where the sound speed is unknown, and nodes are not time-synchronized and move permanently. Relying on the assumption that nodes are equipped with self-navigation systems and that these systems are accurate for use in short periods of time, we offer a heuristic solution for this problem, which we refer to as the joint sequential time-synchronization and localization (JSL) algorithm. For Path selection, We use Ant-Colony Optimization(ACO) Algorithm for selecting optimal path for data Transmission and collision avoidance. Finally, We Analyze QoS Parameters such as Throughput, propagation delay, Node Mobility, power consumption, bandwidth usage, data rate, and packet delivery ratio.